Cornelius
Vanderbilt was a 19th
century entrepreneur who made made his riches in producing and
sailing steamboats and creating some of the biggest railroad lines.
He was born on Staten Island on May
27, 1794
into a poor family who couldn't give him a very good education. But
with perseverance and hard work Vanderbilt became one of the most
wealthy people in American history. As a boy he worked with his
father on a steamboat line and found his interest for ships there. As
a teenager he started shipping things on his own steamboat and a few
years after that he bought a small fleet of ships and became a
captain.
During
the California gold rush of 1849 Vanderbilt started a steamboat line
on the Atlantic and Caribbean to help ship things from California
back to the east. And instead of going down to Panama to get to the
west, Vanderbilt's ships went through Nicaragua and went back and
forth a lot faster than going down to Panama. He even proposed
putting a canal in Nicaragua because it was faster and most of it was
already there with Lake Nicaragua and the San Jose River but
Vanderbilt didn't get enough endorsements so the plans never followed
through.
In
the 1860s Vanderbilt started focusing on the up and coming Railroad
industry. He started by
buying a couple of lines that ran between Chicago and New York and
introduced a new system called the inter-regional railroad system. It
changed the way the railroads work by putting long lines in, instead
of a lot of short lines. It made traveling cheaper and faster.
Vanderbilt's system changed the railroad industry very positively.
At
the start of the Civil War, Vanderbilt went to the Union army and
offered his biggest and best steamboat the Vanderbilt
but
the army wasn't interested at that point claiming the war wouldn't
last very long. But when the famous Confederate ship, the Merrimack,
started raiding the east coast, the army took Vanderbilt's deal and
his ship. The Vanderbilt
stopped the Merrimack
in
its tracks. After stopping the Merrimack,
the Vanderbilt
helped
track down another of the Confederate's ships. And for Vanderbilt's
service to the Union army he was awarded the Congressional Gold
Medal.
In 1869 the cousin
of Vanderbilt's wife talked him into endorsing a University which
eventually became, Vanderbilt University named in Vanderbilt's honor.
And by no coincidence the schools nickname became the Commodores.
Cornelius
Vanderbilt died on
January 4, 1877,
at his home in New England. His net worth at his death was over $100
million and in today's that's approximately
$2,333,296,875 in 2016 dollars!